What is a thyroid disorder?
The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck that produces thyroid hormones which help regulate growth, metabolism, and other key bodily functions. Thyroid disorders refer to conditions that cause the thyroid to become overactive (hyperthyroidism) or underactive (hypothyroidism).
Some key facts about thyroid disorders:
- They are more common in women and people over 60 years old. About 1 in 8 women will develop a thyroid disorder in her lifetime.
- Hashimoto's disease is the most common cause of hypothyroidism. In this autoimmune disorder, the body creates antibodies that attack and damage the thyroid.
- Symptoms of hypothyroidism include fatigue, weight gain, feeling cold, muscle weakness, and more. Hyperthyroidism symptoms are opposite and include sudden weight loss, rapid heartbeat, irritability, etc.
- Thyroid disorders are often diagnosed through blood tests for levels of T3 and T4 hormones which are produced by the thyroid. Imaging tests like ultrasounds may also be used.
- Most thyroid problems can be managed with medications like levothyroxine to restore normal hormone levels, or procedures to shrink overactive thyroid tissue.
If you suspect a thyroid issue based on symptoms, I recommend getting tested by an endocrinologist or making an appointment at Renew Hormone Center. Their expert physicians specialize in thyroid and hormone-related conditions and will carefully evaluate your symptoms, risk factors, and test results to provide an accurate diagnosis and customized treatment plan.
Some additional specifics on hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism:
Hypothyroidism
- Causes include Hashimoto’s disease, radiation treatment, surgical removal of the thyroid, and some medications
- Symptoms include fatigue, cold sensitivity, weight gain, muscle weakness, hair loss, dry skin, impaired memory, and more
- Can usually be managed with daily levothyroxine medication
Hyperthyroidism
- Often caused by Graves’ disease - an autoimmune disorder where antibodies overstimulate the thyroid
- Symptoms include sudden weight loss, rapid heart rate, profuse sweating, hand tremors, irritability, and more
- May be treated with antithyroid meds, radioactive iodine, or thyroid surgery